Galaxies in LCDM with Halo Abundance Matching: luminosity-velocity relation, baryonic mass-velocity relation, velocity function and clustering

It has long been regarded as difficult for a cosmological model to account simultaneously for the galaxy luminosity, mass, and velocity distributions. We revisit this issue using a modern compilation of observational data along with the best available large-scale cosmological simulation of dark matter. We find that the standard cosmological model, used in conjunction with halo abundance matching (HAM) and simple dynamical corrections, fits all basic statistics of galaxies with circular velocities Vcirc > 80 km/s. Our observational constraint is the luminosity-velocity relation which allows all types of galaxies to be included. We have compiled data for a variety of galaxies ranging from dwarf irregulars to giant ellipticals. The data present a clear monotonic luminosity-velocity relation from 50 km/s to 500 km/s, with a bend below 80 km/s and a systematic offset between late- and early-type galaxies. For comparison to theory, we employ our LCDM "Bolshoi" simulation of dark matter, which has unprecedented mass and force resolution. We use halo abundance matching to assign rank-ordered galaxy luminosities to the dark matter halos. The resulting predictions for the luminosity-velocity relation are in excellent agreement with the available data on both early-type and late-type galaxies for the luminosity range from Mr = -14-22. We also compare our predictions for the "cold" baryon mass (i.e., stars and cold gas) of galaxies as a function of circular velocity with the available observations, again finding a very good agreement. The predicted circular velocity function is in agreement with the galaxy velocity function for 80-400 km/s. However, we find that the dark matter halos with Vcirc < 80 km/s are much more abundant than observed galaxies with the same Vcirc . We find that the two-point correlation function of galaxies in our model matches very well the results from the SDSS.Comment: 40 pages, 18 figures, published in Ap

Fluid Power Vehicle Challenge

The FPVC combines mechanical engineering disciplines to design and manufacture a vehicle that utilizes hydraulic power. The FDR covers the final manufacturing process and verification processes developed during the front end of research and analysis built upon the Critical Design Review (CDR) and the PDR (Preliminary Design Review). This report showcases the design decisions and extensive research that supports the continuing efforts by the Team Pump My Ride, to build upon the accomplishments of Cal Poly’s previous team, The Incompressibles. The FDR presents how Team Pump My Ride produced the design changes from the CDR and PDR to achieve improvements to the vehicle’s performance. The FDR is detailed with the procurement methods, validation procedures, results, conclusions, recommendations for next year’s team. In addition, details about the virtual competition are included in this report. Major changes that were made during manufacturing included reconstruction of the rear drive train, installation of the new manifold with soft lines, mounting the controller unit, re-designing the controller software and hardware, installation of new bike tires, and re-orientating the accumulator. Testing that was completed include a full trial run for competition as well as testing different pre-charge pressures. In addition, a user manual was developed in order to aid the next team’s members to operate the bike. This report proceeds to conclude team Pump My Ride’s efforts to improve the vehicle and finish as a high-ranking competitor in the 2020 Fluid Power Vehicle Challenge. Disclaimer: This report is meant to be used as a guide for basic orientation with the 2020 Cal Poly Fluid Powered Vehicle. This is a dangerous machine that can cause grave bodily injury if misused. This report is in no way complete and should not be treated as such. High pressure hydraulics are inherently dangerous, and care should be taken whenever in the vicinity of the vehicle. Likewise, the Li-Po battery used on this project must be fully understood to prevent injury or fires. By using the vehicle, you take full responsibility for your safety and the safety of those around you

Remind me again why we can’t have paid family leave

Master of ArtsDepartment of Communications StudiesMajor Professor Not ListedThe impact of language on social welfare policy is a subject of extensive research for scholars of deliberation studies, political economy, rhetoric of law and gender studies. Much research has demonstrated how both sides of the political spectrum use the ideograph of to build support for various government programs. I use a rhetorical perspective to show how the is presented in public policy debates over paid family leave as primarily an economic unit. I trace how the working family is often invoked by politicians along specific racialized and classist lines. I argue that problems remain even when politicians draw attention to the economic precarity that mothers face. The larger oppressive systems of patriarchy and capitalism remain unchallenged. My research questions are: What common assumptions undergird public discourse on paid family leave? What values were presented as most foundational to evaluating paid family leave proposals? This has significant implications for our understanding of various social welfare debates beyond the paid family leave debate. The contrast between the leave policies American citizens say they support, and the policies that are passed by the United States Senate, is stark. Rhetoric offers unique insight that helps us make meaning out of the policy making process. This thesis seeks to contribute to the application of rhetorical studies to social movements and political communication in general. Through a rhetorical analysis of the opening statements and witness testimony found in the 2018 hearing, this study explains how values laden with ideology constrain the paid family leave discussion

Efectividad del tratamiento en pacientes COVID-19 atendidos en el punto fijo de atención temporal - Red de Salud Pacífico Sur.

Este trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo general la determinación de la efectividad del tratamiento en pacientes COVID-19 atendidos en el punto fijo de atención temporal de la Red de Salud Pacífico Sur. Este estudio fue de tipo preexperimental de diseño de preprueba y posprueba con un solo grupo. La población, a la cual se le aplicó los criterios de selección, estuvo conformada por 148 pacientes, y posteriormente se obtuvo una muestra de 100 pacientes a través del test de Morisky. Se aplicaron tres instrumentos, dos para la recolección de datos y otro para comprobar si cumplieron el tratamiento. En la examinación de los datos se usó la prueba de Wilcoxon con el fin de comparar los promedios y verificar la efectividad del tratamiento por tratarse de variables no paramétricas (peso, temperatura y saturación de oxígeno). Además, se aplicó el Test de Student para la variable paramétrica (frecuencia cardiaca). En conclusión, se evidenció que el tratamiento farmacológico a pacientes COVID-19 en el punto fijo de atención temporal es significativamente efectivo, el cual está conformado por ivermectina, azitromicina y paracetamol. Con el presente trabajo se busca contribuir con la verificación de la efectividad del tratamiento del MINSA hacia los pacientes diagnosticados con COVID-19, ya que aún no existe un tratamiento viral específico y al menos se procura mitigar la sintomatología de esta enfermedad.Tesi

La prueba indiciaria en el proceso penal y su incidencia en la presunción de inocencia, Satipo 2020

El presente trabajo de investigación se desarrollará el análisis de la incidencia de la valoración de la prueba indiciaria y su incidencia en la presunción de inocencia desde un enfoque de análisis del in dubio pro reo de tal forma que la investigación postulada en la presente parte de problema: Problema: ¿De qué manera una deficiente aplicación de la prueba indiciaria incide en la vulneración del derecho constitucional de la presunción de inocencia, Satipo 2020?, para tal efecto el objetivo es la siguiente: Objetivo: Determinar de qué manera una deficiente aplicación de la prueba indiciaria incide en la vulneración del derecho constitucional de la presunción de inocencia, Satipo 2020, siendo la hipótesis postulada la siguiente : Hipótesis: Una deficiente aplicación de la prueba indiciaria incide de forma significativo en la vulneración del derecho constitucional de la presunción de inocencia, Satipo 2020, para lo cual se ha empelado un enfoque cuantitativo, que nos permitirá medir las variables, nivel de investigación descriptivo - correlacional y tipo de investigación básico, diseño no experimental, y el procedimiento adoptado para recoger la información fue la encuesta, dirigido a profesionales con conocimientos especiales sobre la materia, la técnica de la encuesta fue elaborado con respuestas de escala de Likert con las mismas que son sólidas toda vez que sometido a ficha de validación y confiabilidad

Evidence for a non-universal stellar initial mass function in low-redshift high-density early-type galaxies

We determine an absolute calibration of stellar mass-to-light ratios for the densest \simeq 3% of early-type galaxies in the local universe (redshift z\simeq 0.08) from SDSS DR7. This sample of \sim 4000 galaxies has, assuming a Chabrier IMF, effective stellar surface densities, Sigma_e > 2500 M_sun/pc^2, stellar population synthesis (SPS) stellar masses log_10(M_sps/M_sun)<10.8, and aperture velocity dispersions of sigma_ap=168^{+37}_{-34} km/s (68% range). In contrast to typical early-type galaxies, we show that these dense early-type galaxies follow the virial fundamental plane, which suggests that mass-follows-light. With the additional assumption that any dark matter does not follow the light, the dynamical masses of dense galaxies provide a direct measurement of stellar masses. Our dynamical masses (M_dyn), obtained from the spherical Jeans equations, are only weakly sensitive to the choice of anisotropy (\beta) due to the relatively large aperture of the SDSS fiber for these galaxies: R_ap \simeq 1.5 R_e. Assuming isotropic orbits (\beta=0) we find a median log_{10} (M_dyn/M_sps) = 0.233 \pm 0.003, consistent with a Salpeter IMF, while more bottom heavy IMFs and standard Milky-Way IMFs are strongly disfavored. Our results are consistent with, but do not require, a dependence of the IMF on dynamical mass or velocity dispersion. We find evidence for a color dependence to the IMF such that redder galaxies have heavier IMFs with M_dyn/M_sps \propto (g-r)^{1.13\pm0.09}. This may reflect a more fundamental dependence of the IMF on the age or metallicity of a stellar population, or the density at which the stars formed.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figures, accepted to MNRAS Letters, minor changes to previous versio

Management of Dental Intrusion and Lateral Luxation: Case Report with 10 Years Follow-up

This case report documents the clinical approach adopted for two maxillary incisors with intrusion and lateral luxation trauma. The proposed procedures involved reposition of both teeth, one of them with surgical extrusion and endodontic procedure for both, with 10 years of follow-up.Keywords: Intrusion; Lateral Luxation; Multiple Traum

A trail of dark-matter-free galaxies from a bullet-dwarf collision

The ultra-diffuse galaxies DF2 and DF4 in the NGC 1052 group share several unusual properties: they both have large sizes1, rich populations of overluminous and large globular clusters2–6, and very low velocity dispersions that indicate little or no dark matter7–10. It has been suggested that these galaxies were formed in the aftermath of high-velocity collisions of gas-rich galaxies11–13, events that resemble the collision that created the bullet cluster14 but on much smaller scales. The gas separates from the dark matter in the collision and subsequent star formation leads to the formation of one or more dark-matter-free galaxies12. Here we show that the present-day line-of-sight distances and radial velocities of DF2 and DF4 are consistent with their joint formation in the aftermath of a single bullet-dwarf collision, around eight billion years ago. Moreover, we find that DF2 and DF4 are part of an apparent linear substructure of seven to eleven large, low-luminosity objects. We propose that these all originated in the same event, forming a trail of dark-matter-free galaxies that is roughly more than two megaparsecs long and angled 7° ± 2° from the line of sight. We also tentatively identify the highly dark-matter-dominated remnants of the two progenitor galaxies that are expected11 at the leading edges of the trail

Monochromatic globular clusters as a critical test of formation models for the dark matter deficient galaxies NGC1052-DF2 and NGC1052-DF4

It was recently proposed that the dark matter-deficient ultra-diffuse galaxies DF2 and DF4 in the NGC1052 group could be the products of a "bullet dwarf" collision between two gas-rich progenitor galaxies. In this model DF2 and DF4 formed at the same time in the immediate aftermath of the collision, and a strong prediction is that their globular clusters should have nearly identical stellar populations. Here we test this prediction by measuring accurate F606W-F814W colors from deep HST/ACS imaging. We find that the clusters are extremely homogeneous. The mean color difference between the globular clusters in DF2 and DF4 is $-0.003\pm 0.005$ mag and the observed scatter for the combined sample of 18 clusters with $M_V<-8.6$ in both galaxies is $0.015 \pm 0.002$ mag. After accounting for observational uncertainties and stochastic cluster-to-cluster variation in the number of red giants, the remaining scatter is $0.008^{+0.005}_{-0.006}$ mag. Both the color difference and the scatter are an order of magnitude smaller than in other dwarf galaxies, and we infer that the bullet scenario passes an important test that could have falsified it. No other formation models have predicted this extreme uniformity of the globular clusters in the two galaxies. We find that the galaxies themselves are slightly redder than the clusters, consistent with a previously-measured metallicity difference. Numerical simulations have shown that such differences are expected in the bullet scenario, as the galaxies continued to self-enrich after the formation of the globular clusters.Comment: Submitted to the AAS corridor (ApJ Letters or ApJ). It is difficult to visualize the uniformity of these strange clusters. Our best attempt is Fig. 2, where we compare them to globular clusters in Virgo galaxie

The baryonic Tully-Fisher relation and galactic outflows

Most of the baryons in the Universe are not in the form of stars and cold gas in galaxies. Galactic outflows driven by supernovae/stellar winds are the leading mechanism for explaining this fact. The scaling relation between galaxy mass and outer rotation velocity (also known as the baryonic Tully-Fisher relation, BTF) has recently been used as evidence against this viewpoint. We use a LCDM based semi-analytic disk galaxy formation model to investigate these claims. In our model, galaxies with less efficient star formation and higher gas fractions are more efficient at ejecting gas from galaxies. This is due to the fact that galaxies with less efficient star formation and higher gas fractions tend to live in dark matter haloes with lower circular velocities, from which less energy is required to escape the potential well. In our model the intrinsic scatter in the BTF is 0.15 dex, and mostly reflects scatter in dark halo concentration. The observed scatter, equal to 0.24 dex, is dominated by measurement errors. The best estimate for the intrinsic scatter is that it is less than 0.15 dex, and thus our LCDM based model (which does not include all possible sources of scatter) is only just consistent with this. In our model, gas rich galaxies, at fixed virial velocity (V_vir), with lower stellar masses have lower baryonic masses. This is consistent with the expectation that galaxies with lower stellar masses have had less energy available to drive an outflow. However, when the outer rotation velocity (V_flat) is used the correlation has the opposite sign, with a slope in agreement with observations. This is due to scatter in the relation between V_flat and V_vir. In summary, contrary to some previous claims, we show that basic features of the BTF are consistent with a LCDM based model in which the low efficiency of galaxy formation is determined by galactic outflows.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, accepted to MNRA